Rifle is hitting the nail on the head here. This is a poverty and education issue. Read this comment from a Guatemalan that commented on this. Someone asked him why the country didn't place a deposit on their refuse...
"hi! Guatemalan here. We have bottle deposits for glass, and it's about $0.25 per bottle. This isn't necessarily the issue in this case.
My country does not have any sort of program in place to curtail the use of plastic. To be honest, we don't have much of a program for anything. Our president sleeps on the job (it's not a joke, go look it up), is a well-known alcoholic with a violent temper, and makes Donny boy look like a goddamn Rhodes Scholar.
My people lack the education and resources to move away from single use plastic. Average income for these people is about $12 monthly, which they use to feed and clothe themselves and their children, plus pay rent and for any utilities they have. Most of these small villages don't have any way to manage trash, they just pile it up until it rains. If you're in the city, you can recycle plastic bottles for money, but it's far from enough to make a living. If you're outside of the city, you won't find a recycling plant.
It's winter here now, and with the volcano ash, the amount of trash that's usually a problem has increased several times over because of rescue efforts.
What's the solutions? Education, please. The average Guatemalan has maybe an elementary school education, and no prospects for improvement. Please don't send us more Jehova's Witnesses, send us textbooks and help us build schools.
I'm a bit better off than most of the country, so I have a scholarship fund that I've set up for girls and boys from these marginalized communities to attend school and help them improve their situations. The capital city, and most densely populated city, only has 18% of the population, so the overwhelming majority of the country still lives in rural areas like this."